Many childhood infections can result in so-called "non-CF bronchiectasis" later on in adulthood. This means that while patients do not suffer from genetic cystic fibrosis, they experience similar symptoms. Univ. Prof. Bernd Lamprecht, head of the Department of Internal Medicine with a focus on Pneumology at Kepler University Hospital, remarked: "The primary issue is that past infections can cause bronchial bulges that trap mucus which then becomes difficult to expel. In addition, the purposeless bulges are a breeding ground for bacteria and antibiotics have to be prescribed." The condition is generally detected after patients suffer from a conspicuously high number of respiratory tract infections. A subsequent an X-ray and CT scan will usually confirm the diagnosis. During respiratory physiotherapy, patients learn a particular technique that helps expel the mucus more easily. Certain medications are also available to inhale and facilitate the process.

A Phase III Study to Find a Compatible Drug
As the repeated use of antibiotics can result in antimicrobial resistance, researchers are looking for new medications to potentially treat these patients. The Department of Internal Medicine with a focus on Pneumology at the Kepler University Hospital is currently the only Austrian hospital involved in a global Phase III study testing an active substance called brensocatib. Prof. Lamprecht remarked: "The ASPEN study involves 390 study centers, including ten centers in Germany. The study includes 1,000 patients as part of a randomized double-blind study, meaning that neither the doctors or patients know which of the study participants will get the active substance and which participants will get a placebo. We are allowed to recruit a maximum of eight patients. The study began seven months ago and will run for 52 weeks for each patient. We are currently looking after four patients who volunteered to take part in the study. It’s a lot of work on their part but it gives them an opportunity to be closely monitored. The patients take one tablet a day. The study is now investigating brensocatib’s tolerability and also whether or not it proves to be effective, meaning reducing acute inflammation in the respiratory tract."

Given their extensive experience with conducting clinical studies (twelve studies are currently in the recruitment phase, two are in preparatory phase, and six studies are still under observation), the teaching hospital is eligible to take part in the ASPEN study. In addition, the JKU and Kepler University Hospital can guarantee that there is a study coordinator and there are physicians keen on being involved in the research.